(Korean_(Jamo)_MFA_dictionary_v2_0_0)=
# Korean (Jamo) MFA dictionary v2.0.0

``````{dictionary} Korean (Jamo) MFA dictionary v2.0.0
:id: "Korean (Jamo) MFA dictionary v2_0_0"
:tags: Korean;MFA;IPA
:language: "Korean"
:dialect: Jamo
:layout: mfa
:template: dictionary_template
:phoneset: "MFA"
:license: "CC BY 4.0"

   ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/korean/jamo_mfa/v2.0.0/README.md
    :start-after: "## Dictionary details"
    :end-before: "## Installation"
   ```


   ```{admonition} G2P models
   * {ref}`korean_(jamo)_mfa_g2p_model_v2_0_0`
   ```

``````

```{include} ../../../../dictionary/korean/jamo_mfa/v2.0.0/README.md
:start-after: "new)."
```

## IPA Charts

### Consonants

Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered

* - Manner
  - Labial
  - Alveolar
  - Retroflex
  - Palatal
  - Velar
  - Glottal
* - {manner}`Nasal`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * m
        * Occurrences: 15143
        * Examples
          * ㅁㅗㄷㅜ: [m o d u]
          * ㅁㅗㅍㅣ: [m o pʰ i]
          * ㅁㅣㄴㅇㅛ: [m i ɲ o]
          * ㄴㅏㅁㅁㅐ: [n ɐ m m eː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * n
        * Occurrences: 28729
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅗㅇㅈㅣ: [n o ŋ dʑ i]
          * ㄴㅏㅁㅁㅐ: [n ɐ m m eː]
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅓ: [n eː ɡ ʌ]
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅏㄱ: [n eː ɡ ɐ k̚]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɲ
        * Occurrences: 3463
        * Examples
          * ㅁㅣㄴㅇㅛ: [m i ɲ o]
          * ㅋㅗㄴㅑㄱ: [kʰ o ɲ ɐ k̚]
          * ㅈㅣㄴㅈㅏ: [tɕ i ɲ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㄴㅏㅁㄴㅕ: [n ɐ m ɲ ʌ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ŋ
        * Occurrences: 15801
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅗㅇㅈㅣ: [n o ŋ dʑ i]
          * ㄸㅏㅇㅇㅣ: [t͈ ɐ ŋ i]
          * ㅇㅘㅇㅈㅏ: [w ɐ ŋ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㅂㅣㅇㅅㅜ: [p i ŋ sʰ u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Stop`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * p
        * Occurrences: 5399
        * Examples
          * ㅂㅣㅇㅅㅜ: [p i ŋ sʰ u]
          * ㅂㅏㅇㅟ: [p ɐ ɥ i]
          * ㅂㅗㄴㅐㅆ: [p o n eː t̚]
          * ㅂㅏㄷㅡㄴ: [p ɐ d ɨ n]
    * voiced
      * b
        * Occurrences: 4167
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅖㅂㅗ: [j e b o]
          * ㄲㅏㅂㅔㄹ: [k͈ ɐ b e ɭ]
          * ㅈㅜㄴㅂㅣ: [tɕ uː n b i]
          * ㅅㅔㅂㅜㄴ: [sʰ e b u n]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t
        * Occurrences: 3929
        * Examples
          * ㄷㅓㄹㄷㅏ: [t ʌː ɭ d ɐ]
          * ㄷㅔㄴㅣ: [t e n i]
          * ㄷㅙㄷㅗ: [t w eː d o]
          * ㄷㅡㅇㅍㅣ: [t ɨ ŋ pʰ i]
    * voiced
      * d
        * Occurrences: 9538
        * Examples
          * ㅁㅗㄷㅜ: [m o d u]
          * ㅈㅝㄷㅗ: [tɕ w ʌ d o]
          * ㄴㅏㄷㅏㅁ: [n ɐ d ɐ m]
          * ㅂㅏㄷㅡㄴ: [p ɐ d ɨ n]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * k
        * Occurrences: 8928
        * Examples
          * ㄱㅣㅇㅏ: [k i ɐ]
          * ㄱㅣㄹㄹㅐ: [k i ɭ ɭ eː]
          * ㄱㅡㄴㅔ: [k ɨː n e]
          * ㅅㅗㄱㅅㅔ: [sʰ o k s e]
    * voiced
      * ɡ
        * Occurrences: 12741
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅓ: [n eː ɡ ʌ]
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅏㄱ: [n eː ɡ ɐ k̚]
          * ㅈㅓㄱㅡㅁ: [tɕ ʌː ɡ ɨ m]
          * ㅁㅏㄱㅜ: [m ɐ ɡ u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Affricate`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * tɕ
        * Occurrences: 6425
        * Examples
          * ㅈㅓㄱㅡㅁ: [tɕ ʌː ɡ ɨ m]
          * ㅈㅝㄷㅗ: [tɕ w ʌ d o]
          * ㅈㅣㄴㅈㅏ: [tɕ i ɲ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㅈㅜㄴㅂㅣ: [tɕ uː n b i]
    * voiced
      * dʑ
        * Occurrences: 8444
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅗㅇㅈㅣ: [n o ŋ dʑ i]
          * ㅇㅘㅇㅈㅏ: [w ɐ ŋ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㅃㅏㅈㅣㅁ: [p͈ ɐ dʑ i m]
          * ㅇㅠㅈㅗ: [j u dʑ o]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Sibilant` {submanner}`Plain`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s
        * Occurrences: 2055
        * Examples
          * ㅅㅗㄱㅅㅔ: [sʰ o k s e]
          * ㅌㅏㄹㅅㅔ: [tʰ ɐ ɭ s e]
          * ㅅㅓㄹㅅㅏ: [sʰ ʌ ɭ s ɐ]
          * ㅎㅐㅆㅇㅓ: [h eː s ʌ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {submanner}`Tense`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s͈
        * Occurrences: 1094
        * Examples
          * ㅆㅡㄹㅜ: [s͈ ɨ ɾ u]
          * ㅆㅡㅍㅜ: [s͈ ɨ pʰ u]
          * ㅇㅝㄴㅆㅜ: [w ʌ n s͈ u]
          * ㅆㅏㅇㅁㅜ: [s͈ ɐ ŋ m u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ɕ͈
        * Occurrences: 765
        * Examples
          * ㅂㅜㄹㅆㅣ: [p uː ɭ ɕ͈ i]
          * ㅅㅣㅇㅔ: [ɕ͈ i e]
          * ㅁㅗㄳㅇㅣ: [m o k ɕ͈ i]
          * ㅁㅜㄴㅆㅣ: [m uː ɭ ɕ͈ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {submanner}`Aspirated`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * sʰ
        * Occurrences: 11829
        * Examples
          * ㅂㅣㅇㅅㅜ: [p i ŋ sʰ u]
          * ㅎㅜㅅㅏㅁ: [ɸ uː sʰ ɐ m]
          * ㅅㅏㅅㅡㄹ: [sʰ ɐ sʰ ɨ ɭ]
          * ㅊㅜㅅㅜ: [tɕʰ u sʰ u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ɕʰ
        * Occurrences: 3428
        * Examples
          * ㅅㅣㅅㅜㄹ: [ɕʰ i sʰ u ɭ]
          * ㅅㅣㄱㅂㅣ: [ɕʰ i k̚ pʰ i]
          * ㅁㅏㅅㅣ: [m ɐ ɕʰ i]
          * ㅅㅣㅊㅏ: [ɕʰ iː tɕʰ ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Fricative`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ɸ
        * Occurrences: 1000
        * Examples
          * ㅎㅜㅅㅏㅁ: [ɸ uː sʰ ɐ m]
          * ㅎㅗㄹㅗ: [ɸ o ɾ o]
          * ㅎㅘㅅㅡㅇ: [ɸ w ɐ sʰ ɨ ŋ]
          * ㅎㅘㅇㅎㅜ: [ɸ w ɐ ŋ β u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ç
        * Occurrences: 447
        * Examples
          * ㅎㅠㅇㄱㅣ: [ç u ŋ ɡ i]
          * ㅎㅕㄴㅈㅐ: [ç ʌ ɲ tɕ eː]
          * ㅎㅕㄴㅈㅣ: [ç ʌː ɲ dʑ i]
          * ㅎㅢㅎㅘ: [ç i β w ɐ]
    * voiced
      * ʝ
        * Occurrences: 829
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅕㅇㅎㅢ: [j ʌ ŋ ʝ i]
          * ㄱㅣㅎㅕㅇ: [k i ʝ ʌ ŋ]
          * ㅅㅣㅎㅖ: [ɕʰ i ʝ e]
          * ㄱㅏㅎㅐㅆ: [k ɐ ʝ eː t̚]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * h
        * Occurrences: 4340
        * Examples
          * ㅌㅐㄱㅎㅐ: [tʰ eː k h eː]
          * ㅎㅏㄱㅣㄴ: [h ɐ ɡ i n]
          * ㅎㅏㅇㅇㅢ: [h ɐ ŋ ɰ i]
          * ㅎㅟㅂㅏㄹ: [h ɥ i b ɐ ɭ]
    * voiced
      * ɦ
        * Occurrences: 2079
        * Examples
          * ㅊㅣㅎㅏ: [tɕʰ i ɦ ɐ]
          * ㅇㅏㅎㅏ: [ɐ ɦ ɐ]
          * ㄷㅐㅎㅏㄴ: [t eː ɦ ɐ n]
          * ㄷㅗㅎㅏ: [t o ɦ ɐ]
    ```
* - {manner}`Approximant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * w
        * Occurrences: 7116
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅘㅇㅈㅏ: [w ɐ ŋ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㅈㅝㄷㅗ: [tɕ w ʌ d o]
          * ㅇㅚㅊㅣ: [w eː tɕʰ i]
          * ㅇㅏㄴㅇㅘ: [ɐ n w ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * j
        * Occurrences: 11681
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅖㅂㅗ: [j e b o]
          * ㅇㅖㅎㅜ: [j eː β u]
          * ㅁㅕㄴㅇㅢ: [m j ʌː n ɰ i]
          * ㅁㅓㄱㅇㅕ: [m ʌ ɡ j ʌ]
      * ɥ
        * Occurrences: 1108
        * Examples
          * ㅂㅏㅇㅟ: [p ɐ ɥ i]
          * ㅅㅏㅇㅟ: [sʰ ɐ ɥ i]
          * ㄱㅟㅊㅜ: [k ɥ i tɕʰ u]
          * ㅇㅟㄱㅏ: [ɥ i ɡ ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɰ
        * Occurrences: 1682
        * Examples
          * ㅁㅕㄴㅇㅢ: [m j ʌː n ɰ i]
          * ㄱㅗㅇㅢ: [k o ɰ i]
          * ㅇㅢㅁㅜㄴ: [ɰ i m u n]
          * ㅎㅏㅇㅇㅢ: [h ɐ ŋ ɰ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Tap`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɾ
        * Occurrences: 11736
        * Examples
          * ㅆㅡㄹㅜ: [s͈ ɨ ɾ u]
          * ㅇㅏㅀㅇㅣ: [ɐ ɾ i]
          * ㅎㅗㄹㅗ: [ɸ o ɾ o]
          * ㅇㅜㄹㅣㅁ: [u ɾ i m]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ʎ
        * Occurrences: 3213
        * Examples
          * ㅂㅜㄹㄹㅕ: [p u ʎ ʎ ʌ]
          * ㅁㅓㄹㄹㅣ: [m ʌː ʎ ʎ i]
          * ㄱㅘㄴㄹㅣ: [k w ɐ ʎ ʎ i]
          * ㅅㅣㄹㄴㅐ: [ɕʰ i ʎ ʎ eː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral Tap`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɭ
        * Occurrences: 10883
        * Examples
          * ㄱㅣㄹㄹㅐ: [k i ɭ ɭ eː]
          * ㅅㅏㅅㅡㄹ: [sʰ ɐ sʰ ɨ ɭ]
          * ㅅㅣㅅㅜㄹ: [ɕʰ i sʰ u ɭ]
          * ㅇㅓㄹㄷㅏ: [ʌː ɭ d ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


### Vowels

Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered

* -
  - Front
  - Near-Front
  - Central
  - Near-Back
  - Back
* - Close
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * i
        * Occurrences: 27539
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅗㅇㅈㅣ: [n o ŋ dʑ i]
          * ㄸㅏㅇㅇㅣ: [t͈ ɐ ŋ i]
          * ㅁㅗㅍㅣ: [m o pʰ i]
          * ㅁㅣㄴㅇㅛ: [m i ɲ o]
      * iː
        * Occurrences: 1730
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅣㅎㅗ: [iː β o]
          * ㅅㅣㅊㅏ: [ɕʰ iː tɕʰ ɐ]
          * ㅅㅟㅇㅜㄴ: [sʰ ɥ iː u n]
          * ㅇㅣㅁㄴㅏ: [iː m n ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɨ
        * Occurrences: 16928
        * Examples
          * ㅆㅡㄹㅜ: [s͈ ɨ ɾ u]
          * ㅈㅓㄱㅡㅁ: [tɕ ʌː ɡ ɨ m]
          * ㅇㅓㄴㅡ: [ʌ n ɨ]
          * ㅅㅏㅅㅡㄹ: [sʰ ɐ sʰ ɨ ɭ]
      * ɨː
        * Occurrences: 233
        * Examples
          * ㄱㅡㄴㅔ: [k ɨː n e]
          * ㅇㅡㅇㅡㅁ: [ɨː ɨ m]
          * ㅇㅡㅇㅣㅇ: [ɨː i ŋ]
          * ㄱㅡㅇㅈㅣ: [k ɨː ŋ dʑ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * u
        * Occurrences: 13991
        * Examples
          * ㅆㅡㄹㅜ: [s͈ ɨ ɾ u]
          * ㅁㅗㄷㅜ: [m o d u]
          * ㅂㅣㅇㅅㅜ: [p i ŋ sʰ u]
          * ㅇㅖㅎㅜ: [j eː β u]
      * uː
        * Occurrences: 1038
        * Examples
          * ㅎㅜㅅㅏㅁ: [ɸ uː sʰ ɐ m]
          * ㅈㅜㄴㅂㅣ: [tɕ uː n b i]
          * ㅅㅜㅂㅏㄴ: [sʰ uː b ɐ n]
          * ㅈㅜㅇㅣㄹ: [tɕ uː i ɭ]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Close-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * e
        * Occurrences: 9056
        * Examples
          * ㅇㅖㅂㅗ: [j e b o]
          * ㄱㅡㄴㅔ: [k ɨː n e]
          * ㅅㅗㄱㅅㅔ: [sʰ o k s e]
          * ㄲㅏㅂㅔㄹ: [k͈ ɐ b e ɭ]
      * eː
        * Occurrences: 8707
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅏㅁㅁㅐ: [n ɐ m m eː]
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅓ: [n eː ɡ ʌ]
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅏㄱ: [n eː ɡ ɐ k̚]
          * ㅇㅖㅎㅜ: [j eː β u]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * o
        * Occurrences: 18232
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅗㅇㅈㅣ: [n o ŋ dʑ i]
          * ㅁㅗㄷㅜ: [m o d u]
          * ㅁㅗㅍㅣ: [m o pʰ i]
          * ㅁㅣㄴㅇㅛ: [m i ɲ o]
      * oː
        * Occurrences: 1742
        * Examples
          * ㄱㅛㅍㅕㄴ: [k j oː pʰ j ʌ n]
          * ㅇㅗㅎㅗ: [oː β o]
          * ㄱㅗㅇㅈㅏ: [k oː ŋ dʑ ɐ]
          * ㅇㅗㅇㅎㅗ: [oː ŋ β o]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ʌ
        * Occurrences: 24653
        * Examples
          * ㄴㅐㄱㅓ: [n eː ɡ ʌ]
          * ㅇㅓㄴㅡ: [ʌ n ɨ]
          * ㅈㅝㄷㅗ: [tɕ w ʌ d o]
          * ㄸㅓㅁㅏㅌ: [t͈ ʌ m ɐ t̚]
      * ʌː
        * Occurrences: 2398
        * Examples
          * ㅈㅓㄱㅡㅁ: [tɕ ʌː ɡ ɨ m]
          * ㅁㅕㄴㅇㅢ: [m j ʌː n ɰ i]
          * ㅅㅓㄴㄴㅐ: [sʰ ʌː n n eː]
          * ㅂㅕㄴㅁㅗ: [p j ʌː n m o]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɐ
        * Occurrences: 42211
        * Examples
          * ㄸㅏㅇㅇㅣ: [t͈ ɐ ŋ i]
          * ㄴㅏㅁㅁㅐ: [n ɐ m m eː]
          * ㅇㅏㅀㅇㅣ: [ɐ ɾ i]
          * ㅇㅘㅇㅈㅏ: [w ɐ ŋ dʑ ɐ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````